The City Of Chicago, A New City Block And Towering Three...

Duality Sprawling an entire city block and towering three stories above Englewood, a thriving suburb just south of Chicago, sat a building that would come to be known as the â€Å"Murder Castle†. Constructed during the gilded age of America, in an atmosphere of booming financial success that was bursting with real-estate development, job seekers, tycoons, and self-made millionaires who were held in high esteem. The city of Chicago still bustling from rebuilding after the great fire of 1871, became a torrent of vigor in preparation of the 1893 Columbian Exposition, World’s Fair. More than twenty-six million people from around the world were flooding Chicago. This was a perfect atmosphere to construct a building for which the entire world would come to know. It was 1886 when H.H. Holmes, who was formally known as Herman Webster Mudgett came to the city of Chicago. Throughout his lifetime Holmes had several other aliases that he used to elude numerous creditors and former acquaintances he feared would step forward with accusations of fraud, poisoning and murder, so deciding he would change his identity now going by Henry Howard Holmes. But, to the rest of the world he would forever become H.H. Holmes, torcher doctor, monster of 63rd street, America’s first serial killer. With the monumental World’s Fair attracting millions of people this was a perfect opportunity for H.H. Holmes to live out his nefarious dreams for which he could implement the demented design of the infamous

Native Americans During European Colonization - 1371 Words

Introduction Native Americans, the people who were not supposed to survive the settlement of Europeans, have lived long and strong, but it is not to say it was has been without struggle (â€Å"A Brief History† 2006). â€Å"No other group, however, faced problems more severe than the Native Americans† (â€Å"Digital† 2014). Struggling to keep control of their sacred land, provide an education for their children, and practice their language, beliefs, and traditions in silence was the typical life of the Native American people. Suffering from unemployment, educational, and religious discrimination, the Native Americans have risen above the rest by starting a whole movement in their name, in order to improve their living conditions/treatment and provide for a better future for the next generation of their people. History Behind the Movement Beginning at the times of European colonization, Native Americans have suffered an immense amount of discrimination (â€Å"A Brief History† 2006). These same discriminations are the same as the economic and social problems that minorities have suffered with for years. For the Native Americans, though, the problems are a little different. On top of employment and educational discrimination Native Americans have been unable to hold their old land, traditions, beliefs, and language. Native Americans just wanted to bring back what they once had, and like America’s Forefathers, America continued to take away and prevent them from getting just thatShow MoreRelatedNative American Gangs During European Colonization1960 Words   |  8 Pages Bernadette Stafford Rough Draft April 29, 2015 Native American Gangs Prior to European colonization, North America was home to up to ten million indigenous people with distinct cultures and hundreds of languages. Within 500 years the population was halved through disease and genocide. Today, Native American’s make up 5.2 million or 2% of the US population. 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Physiological Analysis of a Female Tennis Player - Sample

Question: Discuss about the Physiological Analysis of A Female Tennis Player? Answer: Introduction: This article deals with the Physiological Analysis Of A Female Tennis Player. Mac (a pseudonym) is a 15 year old female tennis player. She is rated among the top-5 national player in this year. She has been taking part in many national, international and pre-qualifying tournaments. This athlete undergoes a number of physiological assessments before an international level tournament. Different physiological test that this athlete has to satisfy includes body composition, sub maximal and peak oxygen uptake and the key variables associated with the maximal sprinting. The main problem that a tennis player often faces during the sports time is fall in Adenosine Tri-phosphate (ATP). This leads to the scarcity of energy causes a contraction in muscle. Therefore, this tennis player requires some energy systems in order to keep fit during the match time. Different energy systems that are required to replace ATP in the muscle are Anaerobic and Aerobic. Moreover, this anaerobic energy system ca n be classified into two categories: Alactic Phosphocreatine (This action lasts 0 -15 sec) and Lactic Anaerobic Glycolysis (This action lasts 15 -20 sec). The six essential fitness components that a tennis player required are aerobic fitness, flexibility, Strength, speed, body fat and agility. The characteristics of the player who is chosen for the sports physiological assessment is described now. The percentage of fat in the body of this player is 27.8%. The weight of the player is 56.3 kg. The height of the player is 157cm. The player is 15years old and the player is female (Ausport.gov.au, 2015). Analysis: The physiology of a sports person can be assessed by different test procedure. These tests are blood lactate testing, anthropometric testing, blood sample and handling, flexibility assessment, VO2 max testing and the last one is strength and power testing. To win in a sports match, the pre-requirement of a sports person is to keep active and faster throughout the match time. Every athletic wants to lose fat to keep fit all the time and for this they need to do regular exercise. However what particular exercise an athlete will do depends on the different characteristics of the athlete. The result of lactate testing helps the athlete to determine the appropriate exercise for them. It is better than the heart rate. The value of the lactate test supports the player to intensify its power and strength through appropriate training exercise. Lactate is produced by the muscle even at the leisure time. The amount of lactate increases with the intensity of the exercise. When this lactate value rose exponentially, this means that the exercise that the athlete is doing exceeds lactate threshold (LT). The lactate threshold value is 4.4 mmol/L of lactate. The breakdown of energy will be rapid above this level of LT whereas the athlete can retain its strengths and power up to one hour if the value of lactate in the blood sample remains below the above mentioned LT value. Since the athlete is a trained person already, therefore the normal value of LT generally fall between 70% and 80% of the max heart rate. The report of the lactate testing provides the reports that the amount of lactate in the blood sample 3.4 mmol/L and it is approx. 75% of the max heart rate. Lactate testing is also useful to rectify the intensity of interval training. The anthropometric test is used to measure the body size, composition and structure of the human body of a sportsperson. These factors are important for a sportsperson as any change in these factors may effects the performance of the sportspe rson. The winning condition of a sports person generally depends on the different characteristics of the body of a sportsperson. The body sizes for example whether the sports person is tall or short, the body composition for example whether the body is fatty or not matters significantly on the performance of the sports person. Body composition of a sports person can be tested using different test procedures like skin fold measurement, girth measurement, hydrodensitometry, bioelectric impedence etc(International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance, 2015). Among these results, anthropometric test provides the accurate result. The result of this anthropometric test provides that height of the player is 157cm and the weight of the player is 56.3 kg. According to this result the percentage of the body fat is 27.8%. The main objective of a sports person is to keep fit all the time. The sports persons are often requested to keep a periodic logbook of the blood test. The blood test of an individual provides the overall health condition of that individual. The tennis player may get help from this blood sample during the design of its training and physiology time. The factors that are generally checked through the blood test are total cholesterol, HDL, LDL, triglycerides, inflammation, blood sugar, liver enzymes, kidney biomarkers, Vitamin D level, carbon-di-oxide level, blood count,folate,B12,DHEA,testosterone and different metabolic hormones like insulin, cortisol. The test results shows whether the person take appropriate food and medicines, whether the individual take enough leisure time, whether the training and exercise the individual does is appropriate for its health or not, whether the individual needs any change both in his food habit and exercise training programme(Labtestsonline.org, 2015). According to the result of blood test the total cholesterol is 180mg/dL, the triglycerides is 150mg/dL, HDL is 60mg/dL, blood sugar is 80mg/dL, creatinine is 0. 6mg/dL, chloride is 104mEq/L, bilirubin is 0.4mg/dL, AST is 30IU/L, alkaline phosphates is 130IU/L, albumin is 4.5g/dL. The fitness of a sportsperson is an important factor. The flexibility of a sports person can be determined using different methods. These methods can be classified again into two parts- Indirect method and direct method. The indirect method involves Sit and reaches test, V-sit test, Floor Touch test, Groin flexibility test, calf muscle flexibility test and trunk rotation test. On the other hand, direct test includes 90/90(AKE) hamstring test, straight Leg raise and Modified Thomas Test(Mackenzie, 2015). These test procedures are evaluated using Goniometer and Flexometer(Rhinofitness.ca, 2015). According to the flexibility test, the individual tennis player has fair flexibility. The VO2 of a sports person has been defined as the maximum amount of oxygen the person can intake at the time of doing exercise. The value of the VO2 max helps to determine the health condit ion of the person. High value of VO2 implies that the person has a good health condition. The VO2 of a person can be increased by more intense exercise. The VO2 of a sports person can be tested using 2.4km run test, Astrand Treadmill test, Astrand 6 minutes cycle test, Balke VO2 max test, Balke Incremental Treadmill protocol test, Wheelchair VO2 max test,VO2 max step test etc. According to the test result of VO2 max test procedures the VO2 of this female athlete is 3.5litre/minute. The performance of a sportsperson mostly depends on its speed and strength during the match time. Therefore it can be said that these two components are important component of the sports life of a tennis player. Different tests are performed to check the actual power and strength of the tennis player. Jumping and Running test, Throwing and hitting test are done to measure the muscular power. On the other hand, sprint test, cycling 40m sprint test, swimming 100m test, plate tapping test are used to check t he actual strength of the tennis player. According to the result of these power and strength test the tennis player has moderate strength and high power. Conclusion: The performance of a tennis player in a match depends mostly on the anthropometric characteristics of that player. Any difference in this characteristics leads to the variation in the performance when it is compared to the other persons. The anthropometric characteristics of an individual sports person can be defined as a study of the human body characteristics of that person relative to other person. This comparison is necessary to improve the performance of that particular tennis player. It is known that, how well the tennis player who is the subject of this case study performs in a match depends upon her physical fitness and strength and flexibility. The physical fitness and other components in turn depend on the condition of health of the player at that time, the height and weight of the player and also the percentage of the body fat. A survey was conducted to check the overall characteristics of the tennis player relative to other tennis player. From that survey report it can be observed that, the tennis player has relatively higher body fat than other players. Also the weight of the tennis player is more than other players. These relatively high weight and body fat affects her fitness and strength during the match time. The player has undergoes different physiological test. According to the results of that report, the player has moderate flexibility, speed and strength but these are still lower than those of other sports persons. Therefore it can be said that, to improve the performance of the tennis player she needs to reduce these gaps of anthropometric characteristics. For this improvement, a specific training programme is necessary which includes on-court drills, high intensity interval training, repeated sprint and control training. It is expected that, these training program will help her to increase his fitness and place her in a winning condition in any match(Sport-fitness-advisor.com, 2015). Introduction: The case study in this assignment deals with a 15 years old female tennis player Mac, ranked among the top 5 players of the year. The study focuses on the various physiological assessments she undergoes to take part in the international tournaments. The athlete is compared with 15 other athletes whose detailed physical characteristics is provided. Since, the athlete in the case study is preparing for participation in international sports events; she needs to have a standard health and very high level of physical fitness status. This study thus emphasize on the assessments of her physical fitness traits and providence of the necessary nutrition to ensure her possession of a good health. Considering the critical aspects as body fat, weight, height, age and gender of Mac, the relevant diet chart is provided for the athlete. In this section the diet and nutrition is analyzed and relevant information is provided. It is highly significant to ensure the consumption of a healthy and suitable diet for Mac, to optimize the sports performance of the athlete. As per the view of Hooda et al. (2014), diet is highly important to drive us towards consuming foods that can provide individuals with the necessary 6 essential nutrients. These include minerals, fat, carbohydrates, vitamins, proteins and water. Relevant variety of diet consumption ensures the required amount of nutrients for the individual that facilitate efficient health and weight management, an essential aspect for the athletes. Sufficient amount of carbohydrates and fat are very important for the athletes to achieve peak performance (Nutrition.org.uk, 2015). Correct amount of water consumption is also essential to avoid dehydration, muscle cramping and fatigue thus decreasing the risk of heat stroke. A diet retrieving 70% of the calories from carbohydrates is preferable. The adequate amount of fluid intake is a very important nutritional r equirement to improve performance (Better Health Channel, 2015). Analysis of the diet with respect to metabolic pathways involved The diet prescribed for the specific male athlete 35 years old, requires including the relevant amount of proteins, carbohydrates and mineral proportions to ensure the availability of sufficient energy for delivering a good performance. As stated by ((Better Health Channel, 2015)), the healthy diet not only provides the necessary nutrients but also helps in preventing adverse health effects as well. The 7 days diet chart provided in the current study for the male athlete highlights the high intake of calories by the individual which is subsequently balanced through a gap of a day with lower calorie intake. As conveyed by (Cengage.com, 2015) (), the high energy requirement for the athletes can be considered as the reason for prescribing such high calorie consuming diet for him. She can therefore benefit from this diet by acquiring sufficient energy to perform well in his sports event. However, at the same time the diet chart shows relevant exercise routines are suggested for specified hours of time to balance the energy intake. The exercise routine includes swimming, weight training, running and cycling. The diet shows a limited intake of protein consumption for the athlete. The fats, protein and CHO intake of the individual seems restricted. It is beneficial for the athlete as higher protein intake can prove detrimental for the individual (Endmemo.com, 2015). Higher rate of kidney problems are evident with persons consuming excess proteins. Balanced fluid intake is evident through the diet chart that helps the athletes to prevent the high risk of dehydration to which they are exposed extensively. The fluid intake of the concerned 35 years old male athlete seems to be sufficiently appropriate in regards to his energy expense. The fluid need for an individual is related to the energy expenditure of the person. Consumption of fluids in the range of 1.0 to 1.5 ml is considered optimal (Extension.iastate.edu, 2015). The diet chart shows the fluid consumption of the male athlete within this range. Therefore, it is clear that the diet is efficient to drive the athlete towards a healthy lif estyle. Research conducted by (Insel, Turner and Ross, 2007), highlighted the issues associated with the foods containing high carbohydrate contents. There are many food items that are considered to be highly nutritious. However, consumption of such food products can prove beneficial to some people while it may prove highly detrimental to the other persons. The exact timing of the consumption of the food is highly important. As asserted by (Men's Fitness, 2015), many foods are of such property that acts as beneficial when taken at a particular time while acts detrimental when consumed at another time. Consideration of such foods and preparing the diet chart accordingly is highly essential. Therefore, the current diet chart for the athlete needs to be implemented exactly with strict follow up of the time of food consumption to achieve maximum beneficial result for the person. (0 however, argue that consideration of the composition of the food stuffs is most important to ensure a highly releva nt and beneficial diet and nutrition for an athlete. The training aspects highlighted in the diet chart given in the study are necessary to be considered deeply. As per the opinion of, (Pearsonhighered.com, 2015) the training is vital for ensuring a continuous fitness of the athlete, which is the most significant criteria for any sportsperson. The training methods highlighted in this diet chart for the 35 years old male athlete comprising of cycling, front crawl swimming, running, etc are quiet appropriate to meet the objective of expending the required amount of energy and achieving the preferred level of fitness. However, at the same time, there is always the risk of developing genetic deficiencies or infections from the environment or other people around (Services.cengage.com, 2015). This diet chart lacks the aspect of going for a health check up regularly at fixed time intervals. It may lead to the problem of acquiring disease that have minimum or no appearing symptoms in the initial stages but cause serious detriments to health later on. The individual needs to access a thorough health check up at regular intervals to ensure the early identification of any disease or risk to any concerning infection or disease. It will not only help him to maintain a good health status but also avoid several potential dangers to his health. Implications for appraisal and programming for training modification to avail and utilize nutrient substrates Nutrition and training are highly interconnected. Best adaptation to the demands of repeated training session requires a proper diet which can maintain muscle energy reserves. As nutrient stores play the most important role in the performance of athlete, it helps them to perform prolonged intense exercise and also in refill of energy for further exercises. Programming with respect to utilization of nutrition is to plan or prepare a diet chart by the trainer for all athletes who will make sure that the entire athlete people must get a proper diet so that they can intensely perform their prolonged exercise and they can also have enough energy to perform further exercise. A diet plan for athletes includes all the necessary nutrients which are provided to them at particular times. The more the athletes are trained more availability of nutrient substrate are required so a planned programming is a very crucial part in training process, so that all the athletes could get a proper and comple te diet . a balanced meal comprises of mostly carbohydrates which we get from the grains, vegetable, fruits etc . it consist of few serving of protein , milk and meat has a high amount of protein, most meals which are served have less oil and fat . Many meals are in form of fluid like milk, water or juice. As more training is provided to the athlete more nutrient availability is also important. So programming and appraisal is an important factor as it will supply complete amount of nutrient to the entire athlete. Appraisal of performance can be done by analyzing the athlete body weight, nutrient deficiency etc so by documenting each player deficiency of nutrient as well as each athlete daily energy consumption due to the exercise can give an complete idea of the amount of nutrient which is to be supplied to the athlete in his/ her meals so that the player can replenish the energy consumed. And even a budget plan of the complete can be done with the help of complete documentation, that if an athlete is deficient of carbohydrate then his meals will be rich in carbohydrate. To overcome the deficiency, similarly there may be some players who are allergic to specific food such as lactate intolerance so they can be supplied with meats in meals so that they get enough amount of protein. So im plementing appraisal and programming with a proper health details chart of the player can help in improving the availability and utilization of nutrient. Second is appointing nutritionist to monitor that are the players getting sufficient nutrition. Monitoring the programme will increase the efficacy of the training. Thus this programming will enhance the complete dietary program. Change in dietary intake will also alter the concentration of hormones and blood borne nutrient this will in turn regulate a short-term macronutrient oxidative as well as the storage of skeletal muscle. These are the two ways of improving dietary plans(Time-to-run.com, 2015). Application of practical analysis of energy intake and expense of the concerned individual on other athletes: Although tennis plays is a very popular racket game .male tennis player usually have a significantly high energy intake than the female Mac being a tennis player had higher intakes of energy in comparison to male control i.e. 14.5% higher than control males, with respect to protein 21.2% higher intake than female, fat (18.9%), carbohydrate (18.9%), iron (14.3%), zinc(2.5%). Even the RDA% is higher in tennis player than control with regards to fat, iron, protein. However the intake of energy was comparable in case of female. The distribution of energy percentage which was derived from the macronutrient is significantly high in case of tennis players carbohydrates form 58-60% of the complete energy intake, fats which contributes 29% and proteins contributes 12- 13%.Thus in Mac s case he is not prescribed with high amount of proteins and carbohydrates. According the food diet chart Mac was having 1200ml of fluid a day(Shirley Gerrior, 2006). Energy expenditure Tennis is generally considered an irregular sport, that comprise short periods of (4 - 10 s) of action interspersed with small active revival durations of (10 - 20) and it also comprises of long passive healing bouts of (60 - 90 s). However sometimes matches can even last for more than 3 hours but actual time of match is only 15% of the total match. Predictable energy expenditure throughout tennis play for between 1-5+ h for men can range from 2.72 0.44 MJ to 13.58 2.19 MJ that is (649 kcal 105 to 3244 kcal 524). Thus from the above analysis some improvements like including protein in the diet chart can give a better result to others. Energy balance that is the relation between the energy expenditure and energy intake is a crucial concept for health of human. Weight plays a very crucial role in energy intake and energy expenditure. Body morphology that is if the athlete is overweight there will be increase in energy intake as well as there will be reduction in energy expenditure(Shirley Gerrior, 2006). Summary and conclusion: Here the sport chosen is tennis. Mac is a tennis player who is 56.3kg and his height is 157cm and he is playing football from last 15 years. The performance of a sportsperson completely depends on the strength and speed of the athlete. Numerous test are performed for Mac and resulted as follows, the flexibility test resulted in as fair flexibility. Mac has gone through anthropometric test also provides accurate result. In the second part analysis of the diet is done with the respect of metabolic pathways which is involved in complete utilization of variety of nutrient. And it highlighted the following areas through which analysis was done that are energy balance, carbohydrate, proteins, fats intake, and appropriate fluid intake. And according to all such the tennis player had a balanced fluid intake and fewer intakes of carbohydrates. It also highlighted the importance of implication of programming and appraisal which would help in utilization of substrate nutrient. Lastly it gave an idea about the interrelationship of energy intake and energy expenditure in human biology. References Ausport.gov.au, (2015).Sports Coach :: What Every Coach Should Know About Energy Systems. [online] Available at: https://www.ausport.gov.au/sportscoachmag/sports_sciences/what_every_coach_should_know_about_energy_systems [Accessed 6 Aug. 2015]. Better Health Channel, (2015).Sporting performance and food - Better Health Channel. [online] Available at: https://www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au/bhcv2/bhcarticles.nsf/pages/Sporting_performance_and_food?open [Accessed 6 Aug. 2015]. Cengage.com, (2015).Diet Analysis Plus - Digital Course Support | Cengage Learning. [online] Available at: https://www.cengage.com/tlconnect/client/product/findProduct.do?productId=31 [Accessed 6 Aug. 2015]. Diet, 1., Eating?, T., Foods, T., Know, 5. and Workouts, H. (2015).Calorie Calculator | ACTIVE. [online] ACTIVE.com. Available at: https://www.active.com/fitness/calculators/calories [Accessed 6 Aug. 2015]. Diet, 1., Eating?, T., Foods, T., Know, 5. and Workouts, H. (2015).Calorie Calculator | ACTIVE. [online] ACTIVE.com. Available at: https://www.active.com/fitness/calculators/calories [Accessed 6 Aug. 2015]. Endmemo.com, (2015).Calorie Intake Daily Calculator -- EndMemo. [online] Available at: https://www.endmemo.com/medical/dailycalorie.php [Accessed 6 Aug. 2015]. Evidencemag.com, (2015). [online] Available at: https://evidencemag.com/calorie-needs/ [Accessed 6 Aug. 2015]. Ext.colostate.edu, (2015).Nutrition for the Athlete. [online] Available at: https://www.ext.colostate.edu/pubs/foodnut/09362.html [Accessed 6 Aug. 2015]. Extension.iastate.edu, (2015).Training Diet | Human Sciences. [online] Available at: https://www.extension.iastate.edu/humansciences/content/training-diet [Accessed 6 Aug. 2015]. Haugen, D. and Musser, S. (2012).Nutrition. Detroit: Greenhaven Press/Gale Cengage Learning International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance. (2015). . Insel, P., Turner, R. and Ross, D. (2007).Nutrition. Sudbury, Mass.: Jones and Bartlett Publishers. Men's Fitness, (2015).9 Foods an Athlete Would Never Eat. [online] Available at: https://www.mensfitness.com/nutrition/9-foods-an-athlete-would-never-eat [Accessed 6 Aug. 2015]. Nhs.uk, (2015).Food for sport and exercise - Live Well - NHS Choices. [online] Available at: https://www.nhs.uk/Livewell/Goodfood/Pages/Sport.aspx [Accessed 6 Aug. 2015]. Nutrition.org.uk, (2015).Energy intake and expenditure - British Nutrition Foundation. [online] Available at: https://www.nutrition.org.uk/nutritionscience/energy/energy-intake-and-expenditure.html [Accessed 6 Aug. 2015]. Pearsonhighered.com, (2015).MyDietAnalysis. [online] Available at: https://www.pearsonhighered.com/mydietanalysis/ [Accessed 6 Aug. 2015]. Precision Nutrition, (2009).All About Energy Balance | Precision Nutrition. [online] Available at: https://www.precisionnutrition.com/all-about-energy-balance [Accessed 6 Aug. 2015]. Labtestsonline.org, (2015).Labtestsonline.org : The Complete Blood Count Sample Report. [online] Available at: https://labtestsonline.org/assets/static-pages/SampleCBC.html [Accessed 6 Aug. 2015]. Mackenzie, B. (2015).Treadmill VO2 max Test. [online] Brianmac.co.uk. Available at: https://www.brianmac.co.uk/treadmill.htm [Accessed 6 Aug. 2015]. Rhinofitness.ca, (2015).Lactate testing; How it's done - Rhino Fitness. [online] Available at: https://rhinofitness.ca/articles/article_lactate_testing.html [Accessed 6 Aug. 2015]. Sport-fitness-advisor.com, (2015).Energy Systems in Sport Exercise. [online] Available at: https://www.sport-fitness-advisor.com/energysystems.html [Accessed 6 Aug. 2015]. Sports-training-adviser.com, (2015).Sports Physiology and Anatomy. [online] Available at: https://www.sports-training-adviser.com/sportsphysiology.html [Accessed 6 Aug. 2015]. Topendsports.com, (2015).Anthropometric Tests. [online] Available at: https://www.topendsports.com/testing/anthropometry.htm [Accessed 6 Aug. 2015]. Topendsports.com, (2015).VO2 max test. [online] Available at: https://www.topendsports.com/testing/tests/VO2max.htm [Accessed 6 Aug. 2015]. Wikipedia, (2015).VO2 max. [online] Available at: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/VO2_max [Accessed 6 Aug. 2015].. Services.cengage.com, (2015).Diet Analysis Plus Digital Course Support Engagement Services - Cengage Learning. [online] Available at: https://services.cengage.com/dcs/dietanalysisplus/ [Accessed 6 Aug. 2015]. Shirley Gerrior, B. (2006). An Easy Approach to Calculating Estimated Energy Requirements.Preventing Chronic Disease, [online] 3(4). Available at: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1784117/ [Accessed 6 Aug. 2015]. Soccerperformance.org, (2015). [online] Available at: https://www.soccerperformance.org/specialtopics/energyexpenditure.htm [Accessed 6 Aug. 2015]. Time-to-run.com, (2015).How to calculate the Energy available from foods. [online] Available at: https://www.time-to-run.com/nutrition/calculate-energy.htm [Accessed 6 Aug. 2015].

Second Language Advantages free essay sample

What are some important advantages to learning a second language and how can a second language be used By mob There are many different languages in the world, continent, and our country. Knowing a second language can give a person an edge in our multilingual world. This advantage could be used almost anywhere. These places include the work place, in a foreign province or country, and even in our schools. Today there are many jobs and occupations that either require or would benefit from a second language. Even simple every day Jobs can profit from knowing a new engage.For example grocery clerks benefit from their knowledge of a second language by being able to help customers that do not no English and need help finding what they need. Taxi drivers also need to know numerous languages to communicate with the customer and to know the destination they Intend to go. We will write a custom essay sample on Second Language Advantages or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page These are only two examples of speaking a different language and there are many more. In todays modern transportation age we are able to travel to other cities, countries and continents. This does create a problem because with traveling to different entries the languages you may travel to a country that does not speak your language.Knowing another language would help you find where you want to go, how to get there, and what you need. There are many languages in the world so next time you travel research what language that country speaks and learn a little Just enough to get your point across. Finally language In the schools. In school the most common use of the second language Is to use It In class. However there are other uses Including: If you want to say something private to a teacher or friend, find out want your teachers are talking bout, and for the really talented use it to write notes to your friends Oust make sure its not a language the teacher knows). The other way to use your knowledge is to do an exchange program. It is a good way to fine true your verbal speech of the language and is a great way to travel for free. Also some universities are requiring the knowledge of a second language to enter the facility. In closing a second language is not something to laugh at or make fun of but to learn. A second language can open doors to you that were shut before. So get out there and learn.

Free Essays on Civil War Long Arms

Civil War Long Arms In the Civil War up 95% of the total long arms were muzzle loading. In the early days of the war almost 100% of the rifles were muzzle loading. The muzzleloading rifle goes back to the midvil times. The popularity started in the early 1400's. Back then the firearms were bascicly hand held canons and you would like a fuse on a tube that was fastened to a wood handle. They wieghed in excese of 50 pounds in a lot of examples. They were unrielable, crude and often dangerous to the operators. In the early 1600's a new ignition system would change that forever. There was a trigger that when it was related would make the canon fuse spin against a flint and steel â€Å"frizzen† that would cause it to ignight the primary charge. These were called matchlock rifles. Then in the 1700's an even better system of ignightion would come about. This system eliminated the cannon fuse and had a piece of flint that when the trigger was released would strike it against a piece of steel. The sparks were directed into a small dish filled with finally granulated powder â€Å"pan† that this powder in it that led to the primar y charge . This system was called the flintlock and was far supiorerior to the matchlock. It was superior in that it wasn’t as easily affected by moisture and much more reliable, especially in wet conditions. Another system was developed in the early 1800's called the percussion system. The percussion system had a hammer strike a nipple which has a percussion cap on it which was a primer that was incased in brass. The hammer struck it which created a spark into the pan and set the chain reaction for the rifle to go off. This system was even more reliable and durable then the flintlock. During the early years of the war a sudden rush to get arms was demanded by both sides. Also both sides were trying to come up with an arm to out perform the other side that they could avoidably make. Tec... Free Essays on Civil War Long Arms Free Essays on Civil War Long Arms Civil War Long Arms In the Civil War up 95% of the total long arms were muzzle loading. In the early days of the war almost 100% of the rifles were muzzle loading. The muzzleloading rifle goes back to the midvil times. The popularity started in the early 1400's. Back then the firearms were bascicly hand held canons and you would like a fuse on a tube that was fastened to a wood handle. They wieghed in excese of 50 pounds in a lot of examples. They were unrielable, crude and often dangerous to the operators. In the early 1600's a new ignition system would change that forever. There was a trigger that when it was related would make the canon fuse spin against a flint and steel â€Å"frizzen† that would cause it to ignight the primary charge. These were called matchlock rifles. Then in the 1700's an even better system of ignightion would come about. This system eliminated the cannon fuse and had a piece of flint that when the trigger was released would strike it against a piece of steel. The sparks were directed into a small dish filled with finally granulated powder â€Å"pan† that this powder in it that led to the primar y charge . This system was called the flintlock and was far supiorerior to the matchlock. It was superior in that it wasn’t as easily affected by moisture and much more reliable, especially in wet conditions. Another system was developed in the early 1800's called the percussion system. The percussion system had a hammer strike a nipple which has a percussion cap on it which was a primer that was incased in brass. The hammer struck it which created a spark into the pan and set the chain reaction for the rifle to go off. This system was even more reliable and durable then the flintlock. During the early years of the war a sudden rush to get arms was demanded by both sides. Also both sides were trying to come up with an arm to out perform the other side that they could avoidably make. Tec...

Interpreting Trends in ACT Science Relationships Between Data Points

Interpreting Trends in ACT Science Relationships Between Data Points SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips Interpreting trend questions can sometimes feel like looking into a crystal ball and predicting the future.Thankfully, no psychic powers are necessary to answer these questions.These questions do require you to interpret the data you are given, going beyond the basic factual questions. Interpreting Trends questions only appear in Data Representation and Research Summaries Passages.For more information about these types of passages and the other types of questions, check out the 3 types of ACT Science passages. Interpreting Trends questions ask you to evaluate graphs, tables, and/or scatterplots to decide if there is a relationship.Is it increasing or decreasing?Is there an inverse relationship or direct relationship?I'll go into more detail on this throughout this article.In this article, I'll transform you in a data interpreting whiz! This is what I have in store for you: Types of Interpreting Trends Questions: 3 Kinds of Correlations tested on the ACT Science Ranking Lists ACT Science Practice Questions and Solutions Types of Interpreting Trends Questions 3 Kinds of Correlation Direct Correlation As one increases, so does the other, as one decreases so does the other. One direct relationship that most people have experienced is time sitting in the car on a road trip and the needto pee. The longer you drive, the larger your need to use the bathroom grows. Here is a sample graph of a direct relationship: While direct relationships are not always a line, it can be helpful to think of direct relationships as lines with a positive slope.As one increase, so does the other. Inverse Correlation As one increases, the other decreases. Shopping is a simple example, as you purchase more items, the amount of money you have decreases. Here is a sample graph of this inverse relationship: No Direct or Inverse Relationship Here is a graph of data with no direct or inverse relationship: For this graph, try to describe this relationship in one word.You can’t.As you follow the trend, as temperature increases, density increases, but then it starts to decrease rapidly.So temperature and density are not inversely nor directly related. We will practice several ACT Science questions addressing these 3 types of relationships in the sample question section below, but first, let’s talk about the one other types of interpreting trends question. Ranking Lists Sometimes the ACT will ask you to put data in increasing or decreasing order based on some criteria like height or mass.See a real ACT Science question below: I'll share my step by step thinking as I solve this question. To answer this question, you need to start by analyzing the question. What is the question asking you to find? These questions require extra analysis because you do not accidentally want tolist the answers in decreasing order when they asked for increasing.In this question, they ask you to list the foods in INCREASING order for the amount of heat released per gram of food. Now, we need to figure out which figures to use; the question says Tables 1 and 2. But which do we start with?This question actually requires you to look at the answer choices to figure out exactly what foods you are ranking. Note: on rankingquestions, you do want to look at the answer choices before trying to solve the problem.The answer choices have useful clues.For this question, by looking at the answer choices, we know that we need to rank the four foods listed in Table 1 and sucrose (which is shown in Table 2).I would start with ranking the four foods in Table 1. Make sure you are looking at the correct column!The question asked about heat released per gram of food.We can see the mass is 1.0 g for all foods in Table 1.So we just need to look for heat released, which is the final column of the table.Ignore the column on change in water temperature; if you use it, you will possibly get the problem wrong. Now, double-check the ranking system, whether increasing or decreasing.The question said increasing order, so start with the smallest. According to Table 1, the increasing order should be potato, egg, bread, cheese.Knowing this, we can eliminate answer choices B and C because it ranks cheese before the other 3, which we know is wrong.To decide between A and D, we need to look at Table 2. This is where mention of the heat released PER GRAM in the question becomes very important.This entire table analyzes heat released by glucose, but the amount of grams changes.Locate 1 g in the amount of sucrose column (it is the 3rd value from the top).The heat released by 1 g of sucrose is 16 kJ.Now, you need to place this in the appropriate location in the current rankings: potato, egg, bread, cheese. Looking back at Table 1, see where 16 kJ fits in the heat released rankings.1g of bread released 10 kJ and 1 g of cheese released 17 kJ.So, sucrose fits right in between.The final rankings should be potato, egg, bread, sucrose, cheese. The answer is A. This is one of the more detailed ranking questions that I’ve ever come across in my teachings.It required you to synthesize two different visuals that were set up in very different ways. When approaching these questions, Start by analyzing the question. What is it asking you to find? What order? Increasing or decreasing? Look at the answer choices for clues about what values you need to rank. Based on this information, decidewhich Figure you need to use. Make sure you are looking at the correct Figure. Use process of elimination. Make sure you have ranked the answer choices in the correct order, whether increasing or decreasing. If you mastered thisranking question, you will be able to master any ranking problem!Let’s tackle some more interpreting trends AT Science practicequestions: ACT Science PracticeQuestions and Solutions Relationship ACT Science Practice Question #1 To answer this question, start by figuring out what is asked of you, as we did in the ranking question. As the distance from the urban site increases, the question wants to know how the annual wet deposition changed for Cu and Zn.Now, let’s figure out which figure we need.The question said Study 3, so we need to use Figure 4 that accompanied Study 3: The key mentions 3 sites, but nowhere in Figure 4 does it list the distances. We have to skim for this information.In the last sentence of the paragraph above Figure 4, it says that Rural Site 1 is 50 km from the urban site and that Rural Site 2 is 100 km from the urban site. Since the question wanted you to evaluate the annual wet deposition as distance from the urban site increased, start by ranking the sites in terms of increasing distance from the urban site: Urban site (0 km since it is the site), Site 1 (50 km), Site 2 (100 km). Now, let’s start with one ion, Cu.As we progress from the urban site to site 1 to site 2, the bars get smaller, so the annual wet deposition decreases.So, for Cu as distance increases, annual wet deposition decreases.Knowing this, we can eliminate answer choices A, B, D. This only leaves us with C, which I think is the answer, but will double check by looking at Zn.As we progress from the urban site to site 1 to site 2 for Zn, the bars get smaller again, so the annual wet deposition of Zn does decrease also.The answer is definitely C. So the relationships in question are both inverse. As distance increases, annual wet deposition decreases for both Cu and Zn. RelationshipACT Science Practice Question#2 Some relationship questions will work backwards. Take for instance this question: This question asks you to evaluate the relationship that is given in a table and make it into a graph. Start, as always, by figuring out exactly what you are being asked, and in this case, it is to illustrate the relationship between heat released and change in water temperature. Answer choice B shows a direct relationship, answer choice C shows an inverse relationship, and answer choices A and D show relationships that are neither inverse nor direct. When you are asked to evaluate relationship, based on a table, I recommend first reordering the table in chronological order, see below: This allows you to better see the relationship.I also encourage you to draw arrows to indicate increasing or decreasing such as I’ve done below: I now know that it is a direct relationship,as change in water temperature increase, so does the heat released. I know the answer has to be B. RelationshipACT Science Practice Question#3 Let’s check out a question with a very tricky graph: As always, start by analyzing the question. Does S â€Å"depend† on frequency at a â€Å"given† wavelength?†Depend† is a fancy word that simply meansare the variables related? Do they have a definable relationship, either direct or indirect?†Given† is a fancy word to say across all values. So, the question is asking you to evaluate if S has a relationship with frequency across all intensity values? The next step is to make sure we are looking at the right figure, in this case, there was only one, so phew that was easy. Here it is: Now, we need to locate S, and compare it to frequency.In such a complex graph, circling is your friend. See my artwork below: You'll notice all of the S values are vertical lines.What this means is as frequency changes, the intensity of S at any value (S 10^-8%, S 10^-2%, S 10^-1%, S 100% - it is fine to not understand what these values mean) remains the same.So we can eliminate, F and H because we know S does not increase, it stays the same.Now to decide between G and J, does S depend on frequency, well since it doesn’t change when frequency does, the answer is No.So, J is the answer. Major takeaways, make sure you know what you are being asked, make sure you look at the right part of the graph, circle for clarity, and graphs of vertical or horizontal lines mean there is most likely no direct or inverse relationship. Recap There are 2 Types of Interpreting Trends Questions Relationship based questions Ranking questions For both question types, Always make sure you understand what relationship the question is asking about. Look at the answer choices for clues about what values you are looking for. Based on this information, decidewhich Figure you need to use. Make sure you are using the right Figure(s) Make notes or drawings at each step if that helps you Use process of elimination Double-check your work if you have time What’s Next? I hope you feel ready to interpret any trend (except personal trends because then you’d be psychic)! For future ACT Science study, I recommend checking out our other articles onthe 3 Types of ACT Science passages to learn more about the other types of questions asked on the ACT Science section,factual questionstolearn more about this question type and to practice your visual reading skills, andthe best way to study and practice for ACT Science to make the most out of your limited study time. Like this article? Want to improve your ACT score by 4 points? Check out our best-in-class online ACT prep program. We guarantee your money back if you don't improve your ACT score by 4 points or more. Our program is entirely online, and it customizes what you study to your strengths and weaknesses. If you liked this Sciencelesson, you'll love our program.Along with more detailed lessons, you'll get thousands ofpractice problems organized by individual skills so you learn most effectively. We'll also give you a step-by-step program to follow so you'll never be confused about what to study next. 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Leading and Managing in Nursing Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Leading and Managing in Nursing - Term Paper Example In the contemporary world, the success of healthcare practices and strategies is largely dependent on the leadership style employed. Consequently, the personal characteristics of the leader are imperative as he or she guides the process. As reiterated by NHS Leadership Academy (2013: 3), "The way we manage ourselves is a central part of being an effective leader". For instance, a leader ought to identify his or her strengths and weaknesses in order to make out how to engage his or her followers in nursing. It is worth noting that people respond to leadership in different ways and hence the leadership style adopted by the leader is imperative. The first stage of Gibbs reflective model is a description (Peate, 2013: n.p). Student nurses are faced by a lot of challenges and nurse leaders given the role of teaching them must apply effective methods of leadership. My role involves leading and teaching lower year student nurses how to do aseptic wound dressings. In the process of teaching student nurses, I observed that many of them had a habit of making excuses for poor performance, and also avoided responsibilities. In relation to the second stage of the Gibbs reflective model, which entails explication of feelings (Peate, 2013: n.p), I felt that the students needed to be more accountable of their actions and as a result shun away from giving excuses for their poor performance. Aseptic wound dressing requires a nurse to prepare well in order to avoid spreading infections to the wound (Nicol, Payne and Edwards, 2008: 1). The nurse students made me look bad and therefore I felt dejected. The third stage of the Gibbs reflective model is the evaluation (Peate, 2013: n.p). Personally, I felt that the student nurses were not doing their best in terms of following instructions. However, after discussing this issue with my colleagues, I found out that they were experiencing the same problems with their student nurses.  Ã‚